Issues of totalitarian period monuments in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26485/AI/2024/26/10

Keywords:

Ukraine, Poland, communist period, monuments, cultural heritage

Abstract

The article focuses on the issue of monuments that commemorated figures and events related to the communist period, i.e., the period from the 1950s to the late 1980s. At that time, countries that were in the Soviet Union's sphere of influence, such as Poland or Ukraine, emphasized the merits and contributions that the USSR had in their liberation and development in many ways (erecting monuments, giving specific names to streets). Over the years, these monuments became important elements of the cultural landscape of larger and smaller cities within both countries. After the end of the communist regime, some such objects remained to commemorate this difficult and painful historical period. In Poland, these objects were removed, and the streets were given other names, but in Ukraine the monuments mostly remained because they were seen primarily for their artistic value. Now, however, at the time of Ukraine's war with Russia, these objects are already perceived quite differently, aggravating public resentment against the ruthless aggressor.

Author Biographies

Yuliа Ivashko, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture

Doctor of Science in Architecture (2013), professor (2014), doctor habilitatus, nostrificated (2018). Author of over 550 scientific publications and monographs. Scientific interests and fields of scientific activity: folk architecture of different countries of the world, architecture and the art of historicism-eclecticism, Art Nouveau, Islamic architecture and art, the architecture and art of China, restoration of works of art.

  1. Ivashko, Y, Houses of Kyiv with gothic elements (study of history and architecture), editor-inchief M. Dyomin, Kyiv 2004.
  2. Ivashko, Y. V., Art Nouveau style in architecture of Kyiv, editor-in-chief M. Dyomin, Kyiv, Gopak, 2007.
  3. Ivashko, Y., Li S. Art Nouveau of Western Europe, Ukraine and China: the waysof transformation and implementation, editor-in-chief M. Dyomin, Kyiv 2015.
  4. Orlenko, M., Ivashko, Y, Li S. Reincarnation of the Northern National Romanticism: investigation and experience in the restoration of objects, editor-in-chief M. Dyomin, Kyiv 2016.
  5. Dyomin M., Ivashko Y., Rezga K. Mosques of Algeria: Architectural and Urban Aspects, Kyiv 2019.

Andrii Dmytrenko, National University “Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic”

PhD, associate professor at the National University “Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic”. Author of more than 170 scientific publications. Scientific interests and fields of scientific activity: history of architecture, regional peculiarities of national architecture, architecture of buildings and structures, demographic aspects of spatial planning.

  1. Dyomin M., Chernyshev D., Dmytrenko A., Kuzmenko T., Chang P. (2020) A breakthrough in landscape design: from traditional garden of ancient despots to the avant-garde "garden of Cubism" “Landscape Architecture and Art” Vol. 16, No. 16, pp. 70-79.
  2. Gryglewski P., Ivashko Y., Chernyshev D., Chang P., Dmytrenko A. (2020) Art as a Message Realized Through Various Meansof Artistic Expression. “Art Inquiry. Recherches sur les arts” vol. XXII, pp. 57-88.
  3. Ivashko Y., Dmytrenko, A., Paprzyca, K., Krupa, M., Kozłowski, T. (2020) Problems of Historical Cities Heritage Preservation: Chernihiv Art Nouveau Buildings. “International Journal of Conservation Science”, 11(4), pp. 953-964.
  4. Ivashko, Y., Chang, P., Dmytrenko, A., Kozłowski, T., Mykhailovskyi, D. (2021) Influence of structural schemes on the shaping of historical wooden buildings: On the examples of traditional Chinese pavilions, pavilions of the chinoiserie style and Ukrainian wooden churches, No. 67, pp. 49-60.
  5. Żychowska, M., Ivashko, Y., Chang, P., Dmytrenko, A., Kulichenko, N., Xin Mu Zhang, X. N. (2021) The influence of traditional Chinese landscape architecture on the image of small architectural forms in Europe. Landscape Architecture and Art”, vol. 18, No. 18, pp. 59-68.

Michał Krupa, Cracow University of Technology

Prof. PK is an academic at the Faculty of Architecture, Cracow University of Technology. His scientific interests are primarily focused on research related to the influence of cultural heritage on contemporary urban planning and architecture. He is the author of more than 70 scientific publications, among them two monographs and numerous architectural projects.

  1. Ivashko Y., Dmytrenko, A., Paprzyca, K., Krupa, M., Kozłowski, T. (2020) Problems of Historical Cities Heritage Preservation: Chernihiv Art Nouveau Buildings. “International Journal of Conservation Science,” 11(4), pp. 953-964.
  2. Kuśnierz-Krupa D., Kobylarczyk J., Lisińska-Kuśnierz M., Krupa M., Kuśnierz K. (2021), Typology of medieval urban layouts in historic Lesser Poland and their protection, "Planning Perspectives: An International Journal of History, Planning and the Environment", vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 847-857.
  3. Krupa M. (2017), Cultural heritage of small towns in central and western Germany – selected examplnes, “Wiadomości Konserwatorskie – Journal of Heritage Conservation”, no. 52, pp. 27-35.
  4. Krupa M., Lisińska-Kuśnierz M. (2020) Suitability of eye tracking in assessing the visual perception of architecture – a case study concerning selected projects located in Cologne, “Buildings”, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1-24.
  5. Kuśnierz-Krupa D., Krupa M. (2017) Wiślica – Pomnik Historii, “Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury. Oddział PAN w Krakowie,” no. 45, pp. 457-468.

Justyna Kobylarczyk, Cracow University of Technology

Ph.D. Architect, professor at the Faculty of Architecture, Cracow University of Technology. Her scientific interests include assessing the quality of housing environments and historic urban structures, sustainable development, the impact of climate change on the way architectural structures are shaped and function, as well as the role of architecture in public spaces of cities. She has also developed her scientific interests in other areas, including didactic, scholar and creative work. She is the author of more than 130 scientific publications, including six monographs.

  1. Ivashko Y., Tovbych V., Hlushchenko A., Belinskyi S., Kobylarczyk J., Kuśnierz-Krupa D., Dmytrenko A. (2023) Preparing for the post-war reconstruction of historical monuments in Ukraine: Considerations in regard of the ongoing Polish post-WWII experience and international law on the protection and conservation of historical monuments. “Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo,” vol.10, no. 1, pp. 53-71.
  2. Kuśnierz-Krupa D., Kobylarczyk J., Lisińska-Kuśnierz M., Krupa M., Kuśnierz K. (2021), Typology of medieval urban layouts in historic Lesser Poland and their protection, “Planning Perspectives: An International Journal of History, Planning and the Environment”, vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 847-857.
  3. Kobylarczyk J., Ivashko O., Kuśnierz-Krupa D. (2022), Experiment in experiencing the city [in:], Defining the architectural space – avant-garde architecture. Vol. 1 / Kozłowski Tomasz (ed.), pp. 65-73.
  4. Kobylarczyk J. (2018) Ideas about architecture – architecture of the ideas, [in:] Defining the architectural space: rationalistic or intuitive way to architecture. Vol. 2 / Kozłowski Dariusz (ed.), pp. 87-93.
  5. Kobylarczyk J., Kuśnierz-Krupa D., Krupa M. (2021), Myth of beauty in architecture [in:], Defining the architectural space – the myths of architecture. Vol. 2 / Kozłowski Tomasz (ed.), pp. 81-88.

Dominika Kuśnierz-Krupa, Cracow University of Technology

Ph.D. Architect and landscape architect, professor at the Faculty of Architecture, Cracow University of Technology. She specializes in the history of architecture, urban planning and conservation of monuments. She conducts scientific research primarily on the history of spatial development and cultural landscape of Polish cities. She is the author of more than 130 scientific publications, among them five monographs, as well as numerous unpublished studies, including more than 40 expert opinions commissioned by external entities and architectural projects.

  1. Ivashko Y., Tovbych V., Hlushchenko A., Belinskyi S., Kobylarczyk J., Kuśnierz-Krupa D., Dmytrenko A. (2023) Preparing for the post-war reconstruction of historical monuments in Ukraine: Considerations in regard of the ongoing Polish post-WWII experience and international law on the protection and conservation of historical monuments. “Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo,” vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 53-71.
  2. Kuśnierz-Krupa D., Krupa M. (2017) Wiślica – Pomnik Historii, “Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury. Oddział PAN w Krakowie,” no. 45, pp. 457-468.
  3. Kuśnierz K., Kuśnierz-Krupa D., Budziakowski M. (2020) “Problematyka ochrony zabytkowego miasta na przykładzie Wolbromia”, “Wiadomości Konserwatorskie-Journal of Heritage Conservation”, no. 62, pp. 55-65.
  4. Kuśnierz-Krupa D., Kobylarczyk J., Lisińska-Kuśnierz M., Krupa M., Kuśnierz K. (2021), Typology of medieval urban layouts in historic Lesser Poland and their protection, “Planning Perspectives: An International Journal of History, Planning and the Environment”, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 847-857.
  5. Kobylarczyk J., Ivashko O., Kuśnierz-Krupa D. (2022), Experiment in experiencing the city [in.], Defining the architectural space – avant-garde architecture. Vol. 1 / Kozłowski Tomasz (ed.), pp. 65-73.

Serhii Belinskyi, Knights of the Winter Campaign 28th separate mechanized brigade Ukraine

Artist, member of the music group “Propala Gramota”, artistic photographer. He has had ten exibitions of his artistic photos in Poland, the Czech Republic, Japan and Ukraine. After 2021 – press oficer of the Knights of the Winter Campaign 28th separate mechanized brigade Army of Ukraine. Author of scientific publications about war in Ukraine, member of the international Polish-Ukrainian scientific group of Yu. Ivashko, which was awarded the silver medal at the European Exibition of Creativity and Innovation “Euroinvent 2023” for the scientific project “Reproduction and restoration of iconostases of Ukrainian churches”. Scientific interests and fields of scientific activity: artistic photography, music, modern art.

  1. Kozłowski T., Ivashko Y., Belinskyi S., Dmytrenko A., Ivashko O. (2022) Teoretyczne i prawne zasady odbudowy zabytków architektonicznych w Ukrainie, które ucierpały w trakcie agresji rosyjskiej. “Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury Oddziału Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Krakowie.” Vol. L, pp. 391-408. http://teka.pk.edu.pl/index.php/numery-czasopisma/tom-l-2022/
  2. Ivashko Y., Tovbych V., Hlushchenko A., Belinskyi S., Kobylarczyk J., Kuśnierz-Krupa D., Dmytrenko A. (2023) Preparing for the post-war reconstruction of historical monuments in Ukraine: Considerations in regard of the ongoing Polish post-WWII experience and international law on the protection and conservation of historical monuments. “Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo,” vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 53-71.

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Published

2024-12-29

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Vol. 26 (2024): Art and culture in times of danger

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Articles

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